PEA an overview of the indications

/ studies / By

We have most publications on file, available per request.

Chronic pain syndromes

Carpal tunnel syndrome[1],[2]
Central neuropathic pain by syringomyelia and spinal cord lesions[3],[4]
Central neuropathic pain due to stroke[5],[6],[7],[8],[9]
Chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain[10]
Chronic idiopathic axonal neuropathy pain[11]
Chronic pruritus of unknown origin; unexplained itching
Common chronic pain syndromes[12],[13],[14],[15],[16],[17],[18],[19],[20],[21],[22],[23],[24],[25],[26],[27],[28],[29]
Complex regional pain syndrome, Sudeck[30]
Costen’s syndrome, arthritis of the jaw, temporomandibular pain syndrome[31],[32]
Diabetic neuropathic pain[33],[34],[35],[36],[37],[38]
Fibromyalgia[39],[40]
Hernia pain and back pain[41],[42],[43],[44],[45]
Herpes zoster pain (shingles pain)[46],[47]
Migraine[48],[49],[50],[51]
Neuropathic pain in various types of neuropathy, CIAP, CIDP, etc.[52],[53],[54],[55],[56]
Occipital neuralgia[57],[58]
Pain and itching after chemotherapy[59]
Pain and painful spasms in multiple sclerosis[60],[61],[62],[63],[64],[65],[66],[67],[68],[69],[70],[71],[72]
Psoriatic arthritis[73]
Rheumatism: rheumatoid arthritis and spondylitis pain[74],[75],[76]
Visceral pain syndromes[77],[78],[79],[80]

Chronic painful prostate problems

Chronic prostate pain symptoms (prostatodynia)[81],[82]

Interstitial cystitis and bladder pain

Chronic bladder pain of unknown origin[83],[84],[85],[86],[87]
Interstitial cystitis[88],[89]

Pain, burning and inflammations of the vagina, vulva & other gynecological indications

Endometriosis[90],[91],[92],[93]
Lichen planus with itching and pain[94]
Menstruation pains[95]
Perineodynia (unexplained pelvic pain)[96]
Vulvodynia, vestibulodynia[97],[98],[99],[100]
Vulvovestibulitis[101],[102],[103],[104]

Uroprotective benefits

Kidney protection[105]

Gastrointestinal indications

Chronic unexplained abdominal pain[106],[107]
Crohn’s Disease[108],[109],[110]
Intestinal (gut) inflammation and pain syndromes[111],[112],[113],[114],[115],[116],[117]
Irritable bowel syndrome[118],[119]
Proctitis[120],[121]
Ulcerative colitis[122],[123],[124],[125],[126]

Skin disorders

Atopic and contact dermatitis[127],[128],[129],[130],[131],[132],[133],[134]
Chronic unexplained itching[135],[136]
Psoriasis[137],[138],[139]
Unexplained chronic skin inflammation[140],[141],[142],[143],[144]

Neuroprotection, neuroinflammation, neuroregeneration

Neuroprotection and neuroregeneration[145],[146],[147],[148],[149],[150],[151]
Neuroinflammation[152],[153]

Neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders

Alzheimer’s disease[154],[155],[156],[157],[158],[159],[160],[161]
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)[162],[163]
Blood pressure regulation[164]
Depression and anxiety[165],[166],[167],[168]
Epilepsy[169],[170],[171]
Ocular hypertension and glaucoma[172],[173],[174],[175]
Parkinson’s disease[176]
Spinal cord injuries[177]
Stroke and spasticity[178],[179],[180]
Uveitis[181]

Immunological benefits, infections, pulmonary disease

Asthma and COPD[182],[183],[184],[185]
Flu and colds, infections[186],[187]
Hay fever and allergic rhinitis[188]
Strengthening immunological resistance[189]

Cardiovascular benefits

Angina pectoris and Kounis syndrome[190],[191],[192],[193],[194]
Progression of atherosclerosis and hypertension[195],[196]

Generalized and other disorders and benefits

Addictions[197]
Arthritis[198]
Cancer (adjuvant) and cancer pain[199],[200],[201],[202],[203],[204],[205],[206],[207]
Chronic inflammation in general[208],[209],[210],[211],[212],[213],[214],[215]

References

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[2] Conigliaro R, Drago V, Foster PS, Schievano C, Di Marzo V. Use of palmitoylethanolamide in the entrapment neuropathy of the median in the wrist. Minerva Med. 2011 Apr;102(2):141-7.
[3] Esposito E, Paterniti I, Mazzon E, Genovese T, Di Paola R, Galuppo M, Cuzzocrea S. Effects of palmitoylethanolamide on release of mast cell peptidases and neurotrophic factors after spinal cord injury. Brain Behav Immun. 2011 Aug;25(6):1099-112. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2011.02.006. Epub 2011 Feb 25.
[4] Genovese T, Esposito E, Mazzon E, Di Paola R, Meli R, Bramanti P, Piomelli D, Calignano A, Cuzzocrea S. Effects of palmitoylethanolamide on signaling pathways implicated in the development of spinal cord injury. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2008 Jul;326(1):12-23. Epub 2008 Mar 26.
[5] Naccarato M, Pizzuti D, Petrosino S, Simonetto M, Ferigo L, Grandi FC, Pizzolato G, Di Marzo V. Possible Anandamide and Palmitoylethanolamide involvement in human stroke. Lipids Health Dis. 2010 May 14;9:47.
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[7] Koch M, Kreutz S, Böttger C, Benz A, Maronde E, Ghadban C, Korf HW, Dehghani F. Palmitoylethanolamide protects dentate gyrus granule cells via peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha. Neurotox Res. 2011 Feb;19(2):330-40. Epub 2010 Mar 11.
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[10] Truini A1, Biasiotta A, Di Stefano G, La Cesa S, Leone C, Cartoni C, Federico V, Petrucci MT, Cruccu G. Palmitoylethanolamide restores myelinated-fibre function in patients with chemotherapy-induced painful neuropathy. CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets. 2011 Dec;10(8):916-20.
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[16] Costa B, Comelli F, Bettoni I, Colleoni M, Giagnoni G. The endogenous fatty acid amide, palmitoylethanolamide, has anti-allodynic and anti-hyperalgesic effects in a murine model of neuropathic pain: involvement of CB(1), TRPV1 and PPARgamma receptors and neurotrophic factors. Pain. 2008 Oct 31;139(3):541-50. Epub 2008 Jul 3.
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[20] Wallace VC, Segerdahl AR, Lambert DM, Vandevoorde S, Blackbeard J, Pheby T, Hasnie F, Rice AS. The effect of the palmitoylethanolamide analogue, palmitoylallylamide (L-29) on pain behaviour in rodent models of neuropathy. Br J Pharmacol. 2007 Aug;151(7):1117-28. Epub 2007 Jun 11.
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[22] Farquhar-Smith WP, Rice AS. Administration of endocannabinoids prevents a referred hyperalgesia associated with inflammation of the urinary bladder. Anesthesiology. 2001 Mar;94(3):507-13; discussion 6A.
[23] Jaggar SI, Hasnie FS, Sellaturay S, Rice AS. The anti-hyperalgesic actions of the cannabinoid anandamide and the putative CB2 receptor agonist palmitoylethanolamide in visceral and somatic inflammatory pain. Pain. 1998 May;76(1-2):189-99.
[24] De Filippis D, Luongo L, Cipriano M, Palazzo E, Cinelli MP, de Novellis V, Maione S, Iuvone T. Palmitoylethanolamide reduces granuloma-induced hyperalgesia by modulation of mast cell activation in rats. Mol Pain. 2011 Jan 10;7:3.
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[27] Ambrosino P, Soldovieri MV, Russo C, Taglialatela M. Activation and desensitization of TRPV1 channels in sensory neurons by the PPAR? agonist palmitoylethanolamide. Br J Pharmacol. 2013 Mar;168(6):1430-44. doi: 10.1111/bph.12029.
[28] González-Hernández A1, Martínez-Lorenzana G, Rodríguez-Jiménez J, Rojas-Piloni G, Condés-Lara M. Intracisternal injection of palmitoylethanolamide inhibits the peripheral nociceptive evoked responses of dorsal horn wide dynamic range neurons. J Neural Transm. 2015 Mar;122(3):369-74. doi: 10.1007/s00702-014-1255-6. Epub 2014 Jun 12.
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[31] Bortolotti F,Russo M, Bartolucci ML, Alessandri Bonetti G, Gatto MR, Marini I. Palmitoylethanolamide vs NSAID in the treatment of TMJD Pain Journal of Dental Research 2010: 89(Special Issue B).
[32] Hugger A, Schindler HJ, Türp JC, Hugger S. [Pharmacological therapy of temporomandibular joint pain]. Z Evid Fortbild Qual Gesundhwes. 2013;107(4-5):302-8. doi: 10.1016/j.zefq.2012.12.003. Epub 2013 Jan 11.
[33] Biasiotta A, La Cesa S, Leone C, Di Stefano G, Truini A, Cruccu G. Efficacy of palmitoylethanolamide in patients with painful neuropathy. A clincial and neurophysiological open study. Preliminary results. European Journal of Pain Supplements, Volume 4, Issue 1, May 2010, Page 77. DOI: 10.1016/S1754-3207(10)70270-4
[34] Matias I, Wang JW, Moriello AS, Nieves A, Woodward DF, Di Marzo V. Changes in endocannabinoid and palmitoylethanolamide levels in eye tissues of patients with diabetic retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2006 Dec;75(6):413-8. Epub 2006 Oct 2.
[35] Schifiliti C, et al. Efficacy of palmitoylethanolamide in pain and neuropathic symptoms in diabetic patients Presentation at IV congress of European Schock society, Taormina, 2011.
[36] Matias I, Wang JW, Moriello AS, Nieves A, Woodward DF, Di Marzo V. Changes in endocannabinoid and palmitoylethanolamide levels in eye tissues of patients with diabetic retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2006 Dec;75(6):413-8. Epub 2006 Oct 2.
[37] Adiletta S et al. Pregabalin and Palmitoylethanolamide in diabetic neuropathic pain: an randomized clinical trial. Presented at the 34th AISD meeting, 2011, Riccione.
[38] Donvito G, Bettoni I, Comelli F, Colombo A, Costa B1. Palmitoylethanolamide relieves pain and preserves pancreatic islet cells in a murine model of diabetes. CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets. 2015;14(4):452-62.
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[40] Ghafouri N, Ghafouri B, Larsson B, Stensson N, Fowler CJ, Gerdle B. Palmitoylethanolamide and stearoylethanolamide levels in the interstitium of the trapezius muscle of women with chronic widespread pain and chronic neck-shoulder pain correlate with pain intensity and sensitivity. Pain. 2013 Sep;154(9):1649-58. doi: 10.1016/j.pain.2013.05.002. Epub 2013 May 14.
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[45] Canteri L et al. Reduction of analgesics in patients suffering from lumbosciatic pain, treated with palmitoylethanolamide. Dolor 2010 25:227-234.
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[79] Farquhar-Smith WP, Rice AS. Administration of endocannabinoids prevents a referred hyperalgesia associated with inflammation of the urinary bladder. Anesthesiology. 2001 Mar;94(3):507-13; discussion 6A.
[80] Jaggar SI, Hasnie FS, Sellaturay S, Rice AS. The anti-hyperalgesic actions of the cannabinoid anandamide and the putative CB2 receptor agonist palmitoylethanolamide in visceral and somatic inflammatory pain. Pain. 1998 May;76(1-2):189-99.
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[87] Pessina F, Capasso R, Borrelli F, Aveta T, Buono L, Valacchi G, Fiorenzani P, Di Marzo V, Orlando P, Izzo AA. Protective effect of palmitoylethanolamide in a rat model of cystitis. J Urol. 2015 Apr;193(4):1401-8. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2014.11.083. Epub 2014 Nov 18.
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